Zazzau Sarautar Barebari

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Shafin Farko

Sarautar Barebari a Zazzau


Ɗalhatu (2002), ya kawo cewa tunkafin Jihadin Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye, akwai ƙabilun Fulani daban-daban zaune a Zariya. Mafiya yawa daga cikin waɗannan zuriya ta Fulani manyan malamai ne musamman lokacin sarautar Haɓe. Daga cikin irin waɗannan sarakuna akwai Sarki Isiyaku Jatau wanda ya yi sarautarsa daga shekarar 1782 zuwa 1802. An ce shi wannan sarki yana da son addini sosai kuma ya hidimtawa addinin Musulunci. Wannan ra’ayi nasa shi ya mayar da Zariya ta zama matattarar malamai.

Haka nan da kiran Shehu Usman Ɗanfodiye ya zo gare shi, sai ya amsa wannan kira na Shehu, wanda wannan ta sabauta samun tawaye daga wasu mabiyansa. Tabbatas! Wannan sarki ya bayar da gagarumar gudunmawa wajen yaɗuwar kiran Shehu Ɗanfodiye a wannan masarauta ta Zazzau. Wannan kuma ta saka Shehu Ɗanfodiye ya yi masa sarautar Amir Zazzau tun kafin Jahadi.

Malam Musa Bammali, wanda ya zamo Sarkin Zazzau na farko bayan kafuwar Daular Musulunci ta Shehu Ɗanfodiye, yana daga cikin malaman da suka zauna a Zazzau tun kafin jahadi. Ya yi karatu a gidan liman Kona, malam Hamidu wanda aka fi sani da Mai Jar Riga. Bayan wani dogon lokaci sai malam Musa Bamalli ya haɗu da Malam Yamusa Babarbare wanda shi ya zama Sarkin Zazzau na biyu bayan Jahadi, sannan kuma wanda ya samar da zuriyar Barebari masu mulkin Zazzau.

Bayan rauswar sarkin Zazzau Isyaku Jatau, sai ɗansa Makau ya gaje shi. Bayan hawan Makau karagar mulkin Zazzau, sai ya juyawa kiran Shehu Ɗanfodiye baya, ba ma iya nan ya tsaya ba, sai ya yi doka ta korar dukkan wani shahararren malami Bafulatani daga masarautar ta Zazzau. Wannan dalili ya saka Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye ayyana jihadi a wannan masarata ta Zazzau.

Da aka samu nasarar kifar da wannan gwamnati ta sarkin Zazzau Makau. Sai Malam Musa Bamalli ya maye gurbinsa. Wannan kuma shi ne tubalin sarautar Fulani a wannan Masarauta ta Zazzau.

Bayan rasuwar Malam Musa Bamalli, sai aka naɗa Malam Yamusa Babarbare a matsayin Sarkin Zazzau na biyu; abin da ya samar da kafuwar wannan gida na Barebari a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin gidajen sarautar Zazzau. An yi wannan naɗi na Malam Yamusa a shekarar 1821. Naɗin nasa ya biyo bayan zaɓensa da masu zaɓen sarki suka yi waɗanda suka haɗa da Galadiman Zazzau da kuma Limamin Juma’a.

Shi dai Malam Yamusa Babarbare malami ne Bafulatani wanda ya taso daga garin Katagun ta cikin tsohuwar daular Barno, ya zo nan garin na Zariya tun kafin Jahadin Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye. Wannan kuma shi ne dalilin da ya sa ake yi masa laƙabi da Babarbare, amma asalinsa Bafulatani ne.

Ɗalhatu (2002), ya ruwaito Ambasado Muhammadu Sambo, a wata tattaunawa da suka yi da shi a shekarar (2000) yana mai cewa, shi Malam Yamusa ɗa ne ga Malam Sadauki Ibrahim, wanda shi kuma malam Sadauki Ibrahim asalinsa mutumin Bagadaza ne (Iraƙi ta yau), ɗan sarkin Bagadaza ne, wanda ya samu tarin ilimin addini daga gidansu kasantuwar Bagadaza cibiyar ilimi a wannan zamanin. Shi Sadauki Malam Ibrahim shi ya taso daga Bagadaza ya zo ya zauna a Sudan, ya koyar da ilimin Alƙur’ani da sauran ilimai. Yana nan zaune a Sudan sai ya samu labarin daular Barno ta hannun fatake masu fatauci, saboda haka sai ya taso daga Sudan ya dawo Barno.

Da isowarsa Barno sai ya samu kyakkyawar tarba daga Shehun Barno na wancan lokacin. Dan sarkin Barno ya zaunar da shi a garin sai ya aura masa ‘yarsa. Da wannan ‘ya ta sarkin Barno Malam Ibrahim ya haifi ɗa wanda aka saka wa suna Musa. Wannan suna na Musa shi Barebari ke kira Yamusa.

Malam Yamusa ya samu kyakkyawar kulawar karatu a wajen mahaifinsa. Tun yana ɗan shekara biyar ya fara koyon karatun Alƙur’ani a wajen mahaifin nasa. Ya samu nasarar sauke Alƙur’ani lokacin da yake ɗan shekara goma a duniya. Sannan kuma ya samu nasarar maimaita shi a lokacin da yake da shekara goma sha biyu. Sannan kuma ya samu ilimi mai zurfi a sauran fannoni duk a hannun mahaifinsa.

Bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa, lokacin yana da shekaru 18 a duniya, sai malam Yamusa ya bar garin Barno ya ƙaura zuwa garin Misau. A wannan gari na Misau ya shiga cikin jerin manyan malaman garin ya fara bayar da karatu. Yana wannan gari ya samu labarin Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye, a saboda haka ya ƙuduri aniyar ziyartar Shehun.

Daga Misau, malam Yamusa ya ɗauko hanyar zuwa Gobir, ƙasar da Shehu yake gudanar da wa’azinsa. Amma a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa Gobir, sai yada Zango a Zariya, garin da ya iske shi cike maƙil da malamai ana ta harkokin bada karatu. Wannan ta saka ya zauna a wannan gari na Zariya ya ci gaba da aikinsa na koyar da karatu da kuma yin wa’azi. A wannan dalili ya kewaye birni da ƙauyukan Zariya. Ta wannan dalili ya haɗu da Malam Musa Bamalli da kuma sauran ƙabilun Fulani da ke zaune a wannan yanki na Zariya. Haka nan a irin yawon wa’azin da yake yi ya haɗu da Malam Kilba a garin Barnawa da ke kudu-maso-yamma da garin Kaduna (a lokacin babu garin Kaduna, ba a halicce ta ba. Sannan kuma wannan gari na Barnawa yanzu ya zama unguwa a cikin garin Kaduna). Zamansa tare da Malam Kilba a matsayin almajiri, ta saka shi Malam Kilba ya yaba da hazaƙarsa saboda haka ya aura masa ‘yarsa. Bayan an yi wannan aure ne Malam Yamusa ya ci gaba da tafiyarsa zuwa Gobir domin haɗuwa da Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye.

Kwanci-tashi, Malam Yamusa ya isa Gobir, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin almajiran Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye. A nan ma ya sake gamuwa da Malam Musa Bamalli wanda shi ma yake karatu a wajen Shehu. Daga baya Malam Musa Bakatsine ya same su a Gobir. Waɗannan malamai da su aka yi jahadin Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye wanda aka gwabza da sarki Yunfa har aka fatattake shi, shi da mayaƙansa.

Bayan kafuwar Daular Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye, da kuma ayyana korar da sarkin Zazzau Makau ya yi ga dukkan wani malami Bafulatani da ke yankin Zazzau, sai Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye ya ayyana jihadi a Masarautar Zazzau. Malam Musa Bamalli wanda shi Shehu ya baiwa tuta, shi ya fara zama sarkin Zazzau bayan samun nasarar fatattakar sarki Makau da jama’arsa.

Bayan dukkan yaƙuƙuwan da aka yi, an fatattaki sarki Makau da jama’arsa ƙarƙashin kwamadancin Malam Yamusa har zuwa Zuba. Daga nan kuma sai Malam Yamusa ya dawo gida Zariya. Dawowarsa gida Zariya sai Shehu Usmanu ya umarci Malam Musa Bamalli da ya yi wa Malam Yamusa naɗin Madakin Zazzau.

Malam Yamusa yana kan wannan muƙami na Madakin Zazzau har zuwa rasuwar Malam Musa Bamalli. Bayan rasuwar Malam Musa Bamalli sai masu zaɓen sarki waɗanda suka haɗa da Limamin Juma’a da kuma Galadiman Zazzau suka zaɓi Malam Yamusa a matsayin sabon sarkin Zazzau. Wannan naɗin ya samu amincewar sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Bello; wanda shi ne halifan Shehu Usmanu na farko, sannan kuma sarkin Musulmi na biyu a tarihi, bisa ƙarfafa hujjar naɗin nasa daga wasiyyar Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye wacce Malam Muhammadu Bello ya karantawa Zazzagawa wacce ke ɗauke da umarnin Shehu na naɗin Malam Yamusa a matsayin sarkin Zazzau bayan rasuwar Malam Musa Bamalli.

Wannan naɗin na Malam Yamusa da aka yi a matsayin sarkin Zazzau na biyu bayan Jahadin Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiye, shi ne tubulin kafa sarautar Zuriyar Barebari a matsayin gida na biyu masu gadon sarautar Zazzau. Wannan kuma ta faru a shekarar 1821 A.D.

Sarakuna Barebari

Daga shekarar 1821 A.D., da Malam Yamusa ya buɗe wannan gida na Barebari, sun samu nasarar samar da sarakunan Zazzau guda tara daga cikinsu akwai:

  1. Malam Yamusa 1821 – 1834 A.D.
  2. Sarkin Zazzau Hammada ɗan Yamusa 1846 – 1846 A.D.
  3. Malam Muhammadu Sani 1846 – 1853 A.D.
  4. Malam Abdullahi ɗan Hammada 1857 – 1871 A.D.
  5. Malam Abdullahi ɗan Hammada (Karo na biyu) 1874 – 1879 A.D.
  6. Malam Usman Yero 1888 – 1897 A.D.
  7. Malam Muhammadu Lawal Kwasau ɗan Yero 1897 – 1902 A.D
  8. Malam ɗalhatu ɗan Yero 1920 – 1924 A.D.
  9. Malam Ibrahim ɗan Kwasau 1924 – 1937 A.D.
  10. Malam Ja’afaru ɗan Isiyaku 1937 – 1959 A.D.

Waɗannan su ne jerin sunayen sarakuna gidan Barebari da suka yi sarautar Zazzau.

Manazarta:


Ɗalhatu U. (2002). Malam Ja'afaru ɗan Isiyaku, The Great Emir of Zazzau. Ahmadu Bello Uniɓersity Press. Zaria – Nigeria

Northern Nigeria Ministry of Information (1965). The Fascinating Provinces of Northern Nigeria. Gaskiya Corporation, Zaria-Nigeria.

Smith M.G. (1970). Government in Zazzau 1800-1950. London: Oxford University Press for the International African Institute. 371p. (Amaury Talbot Book Prize). Reprinted in 1964 and 1970.


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