Ɗakin Karatu (Library)
Gatabarwa
Ɗakin karatu wanda a Turance ake kira “Library”, matattara ce ta littattafai da sauran kayyakin adana bayanai (kamar irinsu mujalla, bidiyo, jarida, muƙala, da sauransu) da aka tanada dan karatu, nazari ko adana tarihi (Britannica, 2010; Halsey et al, 2009).
Wannan kalma ta ‘Library’ ta samo asali ne daga kalmar “bibliotheca” ta Girkancin Rasha, Italiya, da Rum wacce aka mayar da ita zuwa “liber” kamar yadda ya zo a (Britannica, 2010; Halsey et al, 2009). Ma’anar wannan kalma ta “liber” kuma ita ce littafi. Wato ke nan kai tsaye ana iya cewa kalmar “liber” mai ma’anar littafi a yaren latin, ita ce ta zama “library”. Saboda haka a da “library” na nufin littafi ke nan.
Sannan kuma matattara ce ko kafa ta taskace ta al’adun dauri da na yanzu. Wato saboda kayayyakin da ake adanawa a ɗakin karatu shi ya saka shi ya zama wata kafa ta taskace ilimi da al’adu da kuma hanyar yaɗa shi ilimin da al’adun tun na kaka-da-kakanni har zuwa yau ɗin nan.
Wannan rubutu da ake karantawa bai wuce komai ba face wata matashiya dangane da abin da ya shafi ɗakin karatu, amfaninsa da kuma rabe-rabensa.
Ayyukan Ɗakin Karatu
Haƙiƙa, ɗakin karatu yana bada gagarumawar gudunmawa a fannoni da dama. Kaɗan daga cikinsu sun haɗa da:
- Taskace Ilimi (Preserɓation of Knowledge): Ɗakin karatu muhalli ne da ya taskace dukkan wata kafa ta samun karatu kamar irin su littattafai, jaridu, mujallu, ƙasidu, muƙalu, kundaye (projects), kasussuwa masu murya (audio cassettes), faya-fayan bidiyo, faya-fayan sidi, da sauransu.
- Tsattsara Kayayyakin Samun Bayanai Daki-Daki (Organization of Information Materials): Wannan na nufin shisshirya kayayyakin karatu da ake yi daki-daki, wanda kuma hakan ke bada damar samun sauƙin isuwa ga kayan da ake buƙata. Misali, akan ware ɗaki guda na littattafan da masu karatu za su shiga su karanta. Su waɗannan littattafai akan ajiye su a kan kanta bisa la’akari da fannin ilimi. Misali, a ware wata kanta a ɗora littattafan fannin kwamfuta da sauran dangoginta, saboda haka da zarar mai karatu ya zo to zai wuce kai tsaye ne zuwa ga kantar da ke ɗauke da littattafan da suka shafi wannan fannin.
- Taskace Al’adu (Preserɓation of Cultures): Taskace al’adu ta fuskacin adana kayayyakin da suka shafi al’adu kamar irin su bidiyo da hotuna da zane-zane da suka shafi al’adun wasu jama’a, na daga cikin ayyukan da ɗakin karatu yake yi.
- Yaɗa Bayanai (Dissemination of Information): Yaɗa bayanai na daga cikin manufofin da suka saka a samar da ɗakin karatu. Abin da ake nufi da wannan shi ne wadatar da mai buƙata da abin da ya dace da buƙatarsa sannan kuma a lokacin da yake buƙata.
Rabe-Raben Ɗakin Karatu (Types of Library)
Saboda buƙatar da ke akwai ta taskace abubuwan da suka shafi fannonin ilimi da dama, da kuma faɗin da rayuwa kacokaf ke da shi, abu ne mai wahala a samu wani ɗakin karatu ƙwara ɗaya tilo da zai iya taskace abubuwan da suka shafi kowanne fanni na ilimi da kuma rayuwa da al’adu. A saboda haka ya zama dole a samu rabe-raben ɗakunan karatu. An karkasa ɗakunan karatu zuwa ajujuwa guda shida kamar haka:
Manazarta:
Halsey, R. S., et al. (2009). Library (institution). Microsoft® Student 2009 [DɓD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008.
Library. (2010). Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica
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