Shafin Farko

Siffofin Masu Larurar Hankali


Gabatarwa

Siffa a nan, na nufin characteritics a Turance. Yara masu larurar hankali suna da wasu siffofin da suke siffantuwa da su. Dakta Adekunle (2012), ya kasa su zuwa rukunai uku kamar haka:

  1. Siffofin hankali.
  2. Siffofin karatu.
  3. Siffofin cuɗanya.

Siffofin Hankali

Siffofin hankali su aka kira intellectual characteristic a Turance. Waɗannan su ne matsalolin da suka shafi gajiyawar yara wajen aiki da hankali. Wato suna da rauni wajen yin cikakken aiki da hankalinsu. Ana iya gane haka kuma ta:

  1. Raunin tunani, shi ne impaired cognition a Turance. Yara masu larurar hankali suna da matuƙar raunin tunani da kuma rauni wajen koyon karatu. Suna shan wahala sosai kafin su fahimci samuwar abubuwan da ba a iya ganinsu a bayyane; wato abin da ake kira abstraction a Turance.
  2. Basa iya gudanar da abubuwan rayuwar yau-da-kullum kamar yadda ya dace. Misali, saka takalmi, riga da sauransu a juye. Kafin su koyi yadda ake yi daidai, yakan ɗauke su lokaci mai tsawo.
  3. Adana ilimi (Storing idea) da kuma amayo (Retrieving) da shi, da kuma musayarsa (Transfer) abubuwa ne masu matuƙar wahala a gare su. Wato idan aka koyar da su sabon karatu, basa iya riƙewa, su tuna shi sannan su faɗa wa wani.
  4. Basa iya kiyaye ƙa’idojin zamantakewar al’umma. Yara masu larurar hankali, basa iya kiyaye ƙa’idojin zamantakewar jama’a. Waɗannan ƙa’idojin zamantakewa kuwa su ne abubuwan da kowace al’umma ta saba da su, ta taskace su a matsayin al’adunta, wanda ake ganin duk wanda ya kauce, to ya aikata ba daidai ba. Misali, a dukkan al’umma za ka taras cewa, suturar mace daban da ta namiji, su irin waɗannan yara suna iya saka rigar duk wanda ta kama.
  5. Basa iya koyon darrusan da ake koya musu a makaranta cikin sauƙi kamar irin su Turanci, Lissafi da sauransu. Sai dai idan an yi ta maimaita musu.

Soffion Karatu

Su ne academic characteristics a Turance. Yara masu larurar hankali, suna da wasu halaye da suke nunawa waɗanda suka bambanta su da sauran yara a wajen koyon karatu. Daga cikin irin waɗannan halaye akwai:

  1. Basa iya koyon karatu a bisa raɗin kansu. Sai dai ɗan abin da ba za a rasa ba.
  2. Suna yawan faɗuwa jarabawa, abin da yake haifar musu da daɗewa a aji kafin su cigaba.
  3. Basu da ƙwarin guiwa a kankansu. Wato basu da abin da a Turance ake kira self confidence.

Siffofin Cuɗanya

Siffofin cuɗanya, su ne social characteritics a Turance. Abin da wannan yake nufi shi ne yadda yara masu larurar hankali suka bambanta da sauran yara idan aka zo maganar cuɗanya da sauran jama’a. Waɗannan yara sukan zamo:

  1. Suna matuƙar shan wahalar yin aiki a cikin jama’a (group work), saboda alaƙar mutum-da-mutum da ke cikin aiki a jama’a.
  2. Sukan zama mabiya ne kawai, basa iya jagorantar kowa.
  3. Suna da rauni sosai wajen yin magana; wato basa iya magana mai ma’ana da sauran jama’a. Sakamakon haka basa iya bayyana abin da yake ransu.

Manazarta:


Alhassan F.A. (2015). A Guide in Special Education. Tamasi Computers, Kano, Nigeria.

Child Care Law Centre (1990). Caring for Children With Speciall Need: The Americans With Disablities Act and Childe Care. Child Care Law Centre, USA. 10016, Deekay Printers, India.

National Council of Educational Research and Training (2001). Education of Children With Special Needs. Sri, Aurobinda Marg, New Delhi.

Federal Ministry of Education (2015). National Policy on Special Needs Education. Federal Ministry of Education, Abuja, Nigeria.

National Teachers Institute (2000). NCE/DLS Course Book On Education Cycle 4. National Teachers Institute, Kaduna, Nigeria.

Repp A.C. da Coutinho M.J. (2008). Special Education. Microsoft Encarta 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.