Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III

Me ka ke nema?


Shafin Farko

Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III


Gabatarwa

Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III, Mutum ne shi mai ƙoƙari, tsayayye game da harkokin addini; mai tausayi ga tsofaffi, da yara da kuma raunana; mutum ne mai nutsuwa; mai sadar da zumunci na kusa da na nesa; mutum ne mai karimci, da dogaro da Allah a dukkan lamuransa. Allah ya yi masa baiwar da ba za ta ƙidayu ba.

Shi ne Sarkin Musulmi na goma sha bakwai. An yi masa mubaya’a ranar Juma’a, 17 ga watan Rabbi’ul Akhir, bayan kwanaki 17 da rasuwar Sarkin Musulmi Hassan. Ya zauna a kan wannan kujera sama da shekaru hamsin.

Haihuwa

An haifi Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III a 15 ga watan Maris na shekarar 1903 (15 March, 1903) a garin Dange ta jahar Sakkwato.

Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III, ɗa ne ga Usman, shi kuma ɗan Sarkin Musulmi Mu’azu, shi kuma ɗan Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Ballo, shi kuma ɗan Shehu Usmanu Mujaddadi.

Zamowarsa Sarki

Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar na III, ya ɗare kujerar sarautar Daular Musulunci a cikin shekarar 1938, lokacin da ya yi kiciɓis da ranar biki na 36 da rusa Daular Musulunci da Turawan Mulkin-Mallaka suka yi, wanda shi kuma a wannan lokacin yana da shekaru 35 a duniya. Ya zauna a kan wannan kujera sama da shekaru hamsin.

Gudunmawa da ya Bayar


Masallacin Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III

Gagarumar gudunmawar da ya bayar, abu ne mai wahalar kiyayewa. Ya fara mulkinsa tun farkon shigowar Turawa Arewacin Najeriya, har zuwa ficewarsu har zuwa samun ‘yancin kai, har zuwa yaƙin duniya na biyu, har zuwa juyin mulki na farko da sauransu.

Na daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru afkuwar yaƙin duniya na biyu, yaƙin da ya jefa duniya a cikin mawuyacin halin tattalin arziƙi ta yadda har ta kai ga kayan masarufi sun yi tsadar da ta kai ga ninnka farshin su har sau uku, musamman a ƙasashen da ake yi wa mulkin mallaka wanda Najeriya tana ciki. Yaƙi ne da aka yi shi tsakanin Turawan Ingilishi da ƙawayenta kamar irin su Amurka da sauran su a gefe guda, da kuma Turawan Jamus da na Faransa da ƙawayen su a ɗaya gefen. Wannan yaƙi bai ƙyale ƙasashen da waɗannan ƙasashe ke yi wa mulkin-mallaka ba a wannan lokain wanda Najeriya na daga cikin ƙasashen da Ingila ke mulka, Nijar kuma daga gefen Faransa.

Wannan bala’i da wannan yaƙi ya aukar, har ta kai ga suturar sakawa ta gagara a wasu ƙasashen da ake mulka. Abin da ya haifar da fasa-ƙwabrin kayayyaki a tsakankanin ƙasashen da ke maƙwabtaka da juna kamar irin Najeriya da Nijar. Wannan lamari na fasa-ƙwabri har sai da ya haifar da musayar wasiƙu tsakanin ƙasashen da Ingila ke rena, da kuma wasu manyan ƙasashen kamar yadda ta faru da Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III. Inda su ƙasashen suka riƙa neman sarakunan da su hana waɗannan jama’a wannan dama ta shiga ƙasashen su dan samun ababen gudanar da rayuwa.

Haka nan a zamanin Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III aka buɗe makarantar horas da malamai ta Sakkwato. Haka nan dai, a zamaninsa aka gina asibitoci masu yawa a faɗin ƙasar Sakkwato; gina majalisun gudanar da mulki a ƙofar fadodin sarakuna; gina ɗakunan karatu; da kuma kafa taron yanki-yanki na sarakunan Sakkwato, dan tattauna matsaloli a dunƙule tare kuma da aike sakamakon tattaunawa zuwa ga Sakkwato.

Abubuwan more rayuwa irin su wutar lantarki, ruwan fanfo duk a zamaninsa suka samu a Sakkwato. Zamanin Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III, shi ne zamanin da aka fara amfani da taraktocin noma da sauran kayan aikin gona na zamani, waɗanda ke iya taimakawa mai gona ya yi aikin ƙarti hamsin a cikin yini guda.

A zamanin Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III aka gina katafaren filin jirgin sama na Sakkwato. Wanda a cikinsa sarkin Katsina Usman ɗan sarki Dikko ya taɓa tashi dan zuwa ƙasar Indiya dan duba sojojin Najeriya da suka halarci yaƙin duniya na biyu. Kuma dai, a lokacin sa aka gina makarantar koyon Ilimin Addinin Musuluni wacce ke koyar da littattafan Hadisai, tarihi, Alƙur’ani, littattafan Shehu Mujaddadi, littattafan Abdullahin Gwandu, littattafan Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Ballo, littattafan Nana Asma’u, da sauran su. An buɗe wannan makaranta a ranar Asabar 13 ga watan Jimada Ula na shekarar 1361 hijira.

Rasuwarsa

Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar III, ya rasu a cikin watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1988. Shi ne sarkin Musulmi mafi daɗewa a karagar mulki. Ya yi sarauta tsawon shekaru 50 da watanni 4. Ya rasu yana da shekaru 85 a duniya.

Manazarta:


Adamu A. da Gwadabe M.M. (2005). Alhaji Muhammadu Macciɗo Abubakar III The 19th  Sultan of Sokoto The Bridge Builder. Amana Publishing LTD., 4, Sokoto Road, Zariya, Kaduna – Nijeriya.

Ballo M. (1974). Infaƙul Maisuri Fii Taarikhi Bilaadittukruur. Daarul Kutub, 1974.

Bukhari J. (1954). Nubzatun Ƙasiiratun Ala Taariikhi Sakkwato (Rubutun Hannu cikin Harshen Larabci).

Idris M. B. (2013). From Maratta to Sokoto. Sultanate Council, Sokoto - Nigeria.

Last M. (1977). The Sokoto Caliphate. Longman Group LTD., London. An buga a Maɗaba’ar Sheck War Tang, Hong Kong.

Waziri Junaidu. (Ba kwanan wata). Labɗul Multaƙaɗaati Minal Akhbaaril Muftariƙatu Fil Mu’allifaati. (Rubutun Hannu Cikin Harshen Larabci).


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