Rumbun Ilimi - Nuna Mallaka

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Shafin Farko

Nuna Mallaka

Gabatarwa

Mallaka ita ce zamowar wani abu ƙarƙashin mulkin wani ko wasu. A cikin nuna mallaka akwai abubuwa guda uku; mai mallaka, abin da aka mallaka da kuma kalmomin mallaka waɗanda su ke ƙulla alaƙa tsakanin mai mallaka da abin da aka mallaka.

Mallaka ta kasu kashi biyu: Gajeruwar mallaka da doguwar mallaka.

Gajeruwar Mallaka

Dokar rubutun Hausa ta zo da ƙa’idar cewa, a riƙa rubuta gajeruwar mallaka da abin da aka mallaka a kalma ɗaya. Ana amfani da harrufan “r” da “n” wajen nuna gajeruwar mallaka.

Harafin “r”, yana nuni ga jinsin mace. Abin nufi, dukkan abin mallakar da ƙarshensa ya zo da “r”, to mace ce a jinsi, sannan kuma guda ɗaya ne ba jama’u ba. Misali:

  1. Jakarta, jakarsa, jakarku.
  2. Gonar Musa.
  3. Matar Ado.
  4. Masarautarmu.
  5. Masarautar Daura.

Harafin “n”, yana nuni ga jinsin namiji sannan kuma yana ɗaukar tilo da jama’u. Misali:

  1. Zaninta da zannuwansu.
  2. Wandona da wandunanmu.
  3. Halinsa da halayensu.
  4. Gidanka da gidajenku.
  5. Gonata da gonakinku.

Tsokaci: Idan muka ɗauki misalin farko na harafin “r”, za mu lura cewa akwai mallaka har hawa uku a cikinsa, jakarta, jakarsa da jakarku. Dukkan misalai ukun kowane ya nuna cewa jaka mace ce. Na uku kuma ya nuna mutane da yawa sun mallaki jaka guda ɗaya. Saboda haka daga wannan misali muka gamsu da cewa, harafin “r” yana nuna jinsin mace kuma tilo.

Idan kuma muka ɗauki misalin farko na harafin “n”, wato zaninta da zannuwansu,  za mu fahimci cewa, na farko ya nuna cewa, abin da aka mallaka namiji ne; wato zani sannan kuma guda ɗaya. Na biyunsa kuma ya nuna cewa, mutane da yawa sun mallaki abubuwa da yawa, kuma dukkan abubuwan da aka mallaka mazaje ne.  Saboda haka a irin wannan yanayin, muka fahimci cewa, harafin “n”, harafi ne na gajeruwar mallaka wanda ke nuna jinsin namiji, tilo da kuma jama’u.

Doguwar Mallaka

Kalmomin naka, nawa, namu, nasu, nata, tawa, taki, tasu, da sauransu, su ne kalmomin da ake amfani da su wajen nuna doguwar mallaka. Su kuma dokar rubutun Hausa ta ce a rubuta su a ware, kar a haɗe su da abin mallaka. Misali:

  1. Wannan gona tawa ta yi yabanya.
  2. Rigar taki, tana da kyau.
  3. Hular tawa tana buƙatar wanki.
  4. Wannan mota taku tana da gudu.
  5. Keken naka yana da ƙwari.
  6. Hannun nasa ya warke.
  7. Hannayen nasa sun warke.
  8. Jirgin namu bai tashi da wuri ba.

Tsokaci: Idan muka nazarci jimla ta farko zuwa ta huɗu, za mu lura cewa, abin da aka mallaka mace ce. Muna iya fahimtar haka ta hanyoyi biyu, saboda zuwan harafin lamirin mace “r”, ko kuma gajeruwar mallaka mai ɗauke da “ta”; wato kalmomin tawa, taki, taku, tamu, dukkansu suna nuni ne izuwa ga jinsin mace. Jimla ta biyar zuwa ta takwas kuma, tana nuni da cewa, abubuwan da aka mallaka maza ne, saboda zuwan kalmomin mallaka naka, nasa, da kuma namu. Dukkan waɗannan kalmomi suna nuni ne izuwa ga jinsin namiji.

Manazarta:

Bunza A.M. (2002). Rubutun Hausa (Yadda Yake Da Yadda Ake Yinsa) Don Masu

Koyo da Koyarwa. Ibrash Islamic Publications Centre L.T.D., 31 Adelabu Street, Surulere, Lagos-Nigeria.
Jinju M.H. (2007). Rayayyen Nahawun Hausa. Northern Nigerian Publishing Company L.T.D., Gaskiya Building, Zaria, Kaduna-Nigeria.

Sani M.A.Z, Muhammad A. da Rabeh B. (2000). Exams Focus Hausa Language Don Masu Rubuta Jarabawar WASSCE da SSCE. University Press PLC,
Ibadan – Nigeria.

Yahaya I.Y., Zariya M.S., Gusau S.M. da ‘Yar’aduwa T.M. (2007). Darrusan Hausa Don Manyan Makarantun Sakandire 2. University Press PLC, Ibadan – Nigeria.

Zarruƙ R.M., Kafin Hausa A.A. da Alhassan B.S.Y. (2010). Sabuwar Hanyar Nazarin Hausa Don Ƙananan Makarantun Sakandire Littafi na Uku.
University Press PLC, Ibadan-Nigeria.

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